Federation

A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism).

Types of Federation

1. Coming Together Federation

  • Many independent states come together to form a bigger unit.
  • All states usually have equal power.
  • Power is equally distributed between  Central & State Level.
  • Example :- USA, Switzerland, Australia.


2. Holding Together Federation

  • A large country decide to divide its power between the constitutient states and the central government.
  • Unequal power distribution between different states.
  • Unequal power distribution between Central and State Level.
  • Example :- India, Spain, Belgium.